Improvement in planing-machines



W, W. BREWSTER. PLANING-MACHINE.

Patented June 26,-1877,

MPETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D.-C.`

UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE,

WILLIAM W. BREWSTER, OF REVERE, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANlNG-MACHINES,

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 192,322, dated June 26, 1.877; application filed October 27, 1875.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM W. BaEws- TER, of Revere, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Planingllachines5of which the following is a specification:

This invention relates to improvements in that class of planing-machines which embrace the essential principles of what is known as the Woodworth Planer, or, in other` words, planersvprovided with a horizontal rotary or cutting cylinder whose axis is transverse to the machine-bed; and the invention consists in a peculiar device or shield by means of which the lumber, when being planed, is held dat upon the bed, and the tendency of the rotary cutters to draw the lumber toward said cutters or upward from the bed is obviated; said shield consisting ot' a series of independl ent sections whereby a nearly uniform pressure may be imparted to all parts ot' warped or uneven lumber as it passes under the cutters. It also consists in an elastic pressure-roll, by means of which pressure is applied to all the sections of said shield.

In the accompanying drawings,Figurc lis a side elevation, showing the bed, the frame in which the cutting-cylinder is mounted, the

method of attaching the same to the bed, and,

adjusting it, and also a part of the pressure devices. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view, showing the bed, the cylinder-frame, the means of adjusting it, and the pressure devices. Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken on line A B, Fig. 2, showing a section of y the bed, the cylinder frame or holderiu elevation, the cylin der in section, the pressure devices partly in section and partly in elevation, and also a board in section as being planed.

In the drawings, c represents the bed, and b b the frame wherein the cutting-cylinder c is mounted. cl d are the cutters 5 c, the driving-` pulley or axis of cylinder; f, one of the sections of the pressure-shield 5 g, the pivot-rod on which sections f are hinged 5 h, stop-rod to arrest descent of shields f c', board being planed; j, elastic pressure-roll 5 lo, rod on which roll] is mounted; l, boX or bearing for rod k;

-m, stay-rod ou which box l slides vertically5 a, elastic binder which forces roll j against shield f; o 0, knobs upon which binder n is secured; p, rod connected by staples r with sections f for raising the same5 s, horizontal bar uniting sides b of cylinder-frame; t, pivotrods on which cylinder-frame vibrates; u, bar shown by dotted lines, and which unites the cylinder-frame with the bed; o, elevatingscrews by which the cutting-cylinder is adjusted to various thicknesses of lumber; w, screw-nut secured in the bed, and in which screw 'o is threaded and rotates; ww, mitergears secured upon screws o c; y, horizontal shaft journaled in frame b, and carrying two mitcr-gears, z z, which mesh into and actuate gears x x,- d, crank secured upon shaft y for purpose of actuating the same.

The bed a may be ot'v any suitable form. .The two sides, b b, of the cylinder-frame, and the connecting-bar s may be formed of one entire iron casting, or in any manner as the experience of any person of advisory skill in such matters can readily choose and adopt. This frame at the right-hand end, as shown in Figs. l and 3, is pivoted by rods t t to the bede by means of a bar, u, secured in bed a, as shown by dotted linesin Fig. 1. At the opposite or left-hand end of this frame two screwshafts are fitted to revolve in the respective sides of the frame, being therein secured from vertical displacement by a collar formed upon the screw and the gears rv, secured upon their upper end.

The threaded part of these screws acts in the screw-nuts w, secured in bed a, as shown in Fig. 1, where a part of the bed and cylinder-frame are shown broken away, to show the arrangement of the parts. The shaft y revolving in frame b, and actuated by means of crank c', carries the gears z z, which mesh in gears a', thereby actuating screws c and raising or lowering the frame b, thereby adjusting the cutter c, which is journaled in the sides of frame b b, as shown in Fig. l. The cylinder may be of any suitable form.

For the purpose of producing the needed pressure upon board z', while being planed, I employ a shield formed of a series of crescentshaped fingers f pivoted upon rod g, which passes through frame b b. This series ot iingers lls the space between frame b, and also serves as a hood or shield to retain the shavings and cause them to be drawn by an exhaust-curreut through the aperture shown iu the frame b in Fig. 1; and to facilitate this movement the pivoted ends of the fingers are curved in near to the cylinder to cause a reex current of air at this point.

The pivot-rod g and the curve of the concave line of' the lin gers are arrau ged relatively to the diameter of the cylinder and the point of contact of the cutters with the board, so that the points of the fingers can act upon the board at the nearest practicable proximity to the cutters and yet allow space for the shavings to move with the cutters until they are free to pass through the aperture iu frame b, as stated. The rod 7s, extending across frame b b, checks the-descentof the points of lingers fat the desired. point, and prevents their contact with critters d. To produce the requisite pressure of fingers f upon board i, the elastic roll j is mounted upon rod k, which is secured in block l, which latter slides freely upon pin m secured iu frame b. n n are elastic bands acting upon blocks l and secured upon knobs o o in frames b b. Instead of these elastic bands, weighted levers may be employed to v fingers f, thereby producing a uniform pressure upon board t', whether the same be level and of a uniform thickness or not.

To facilitate the raising of all of fingers f at once, when it is desired to expose the cylinder, and yet allow them alimited independent vertical movement, the-rod pis secured to each linger by a staple, r, secured in each tinger, and through which the rod loosely passes.

I claim as my invention- 1. The pressure shield, herein described, consisting of a series of crescent-shaped sections f, which are pivoted behind the cuttingcylinder, and which pass overthe cylinder near to its cutting-point, in the manner shown, and for the purposes specified.

2. In combination with the sectional pressure-shield, the elastic pressure-roll j and the pivoted and vertically adjustable cylinderframe b, constructed to operate substantially in the manner shown and for the purposes specified.

WM. W. BRE WSTER.

Witnesses EBEN HUTcmNsoN, EUGENE BUMPHREY. 

